In these Regulations any word to which a meaning has been assigned in the ICASA Act and Underlying Statutes will have that meaning unless the context indicates otherwise.

"Animation"

means any form of television  programming in which the images of character and action are  made  by photographing drawings, puppets or similar images in order to create the illusion of movement and includes such images created by computers;

"Animated Drama"

means a scripted fiction or non-fiction story conveyed primarily through animated pictures and visuals ;

"Arts Programming"

means programming on culture and the arts, including, but not limited to the performing arts, visual arts, literature, fine arts, craft arts, creative writing, architecture and music but excluding programmes that exclusively feature music videos;

"Bouquet"

means a collection of video and/or audio channels marketed as a single package, often transmitted in a single data stream, or a thematic environment where channels are devoted to a specific programming genre;

"Channel"

means a single defined television programming service of a licensee other than a video on demand programming service;

"Children's Drama"

means a fully scripted screenplay or teleplay, produced for children, in which the dramatic elements of the character, theme and plot are introduced and developed so as to form a narrative structure. It includes sketch comedy programmes, animated drama and dramatised documentaries, but does not include sketches within variety programmes, or characterisations within documentary programmes, or any other form of programme or segment within a programme which involves only the incidental use of actors;

"Children's Programming"

means programming which is specifically produced for persons between the ages of 0 to 6 years and 7 to 12 years, which is educational, made from their point of view, and which is broadcast at times of the day when persons in this age group are available in substantial numbers to watch;

"Current Affairs Programming"

means programming that is not a news bulletin but which focuses on and includes comment on and interpretation and analysis of issues of immediate social, political or economic relevance and matters of international, national, regional and local significance;

"Documentary Programming"

means a factual treatment or analysis of people, events or social issues, whether past or present, with a normal minimum duration of about half an hour with a single theme;

"Drama"

means an audio-visual interpretation whether involving live actors or animation of a fully scripted screenplay or teleplay; literary work, dramatic work, folklore or improvised storytelling or performance, in which the dramatic elements of character , theme and plot are introduced ,and developed so as to form an narrative structure. It includes genres of drama such as situation comedy,  soap operas and other genres in any of the following formats: one-off dramas including feature films, tele-plays and tele-movies, animated dramas, episodic drama series, serial dramas and mini-series;

"Educational Programming"

means programming specifically and primarily designed to support structured educational activity where such structured activity relates to institutional-based education;

"Feature Film"

means a film produced primarily for theatrical release in cinemas;

"Historically Disadvantaged Persons"

means black persons, women , and people with disabilities;

"Digital incentive channel"

means a new channel authorised in terms of the 2012 Digital Migration Regulations to be provided by a terrestrial television broadcasting service licensee as a digital broadcast in addition to the existing television channel or channels broadcast by that licensee as an incentive for digital migration and to encourage consumers to take the steps necessary for successful digital migration;

"Knowledge-Building Programming"

means programming acquired through personal experience , outside of the formal learning environments such as schools and training courses which provides information on subjects such as, for example, science, technology, health, law and citizens' rights, religion, culture, business, finance and the natural or built environment;

"Mini-Series"

means a series with a pre-determined number of episodes usually drama and usually 26 episodes or less;

"Post-production"

means the processes following completion of production including the editing of images and sound, creation of special Visual effects, sub-titling, processing and duplication of programmes as well as any other process necessary for the completion of the production;

"Prime Time"

means the period between 18H00 and 22H00 every day;

"Produced"

means a process of acquiring and/or developing a story or programme theme, selecting and engaging key creative personnel and exercising control over decisions relating to the development, costing, pre-production, production and post-production of the programme;

"Production"

means the recording of images and sound to form the substantial and integral part of the programme;

"Production Costs"

means, for the purpose of section 61 (2) (a) (vi) of the ECA, a minimum of 20% of the pre-production and production costs is incurred in the Republic;

"Repeat"

means television programming that is not a first broadcast by a South African television licensee and has been broadcast by the same or another South African television licensee;

"Serial Drama"

means a drama series containing story-lines and developments that flow from episode to episode;

"Situation Comedy"

means a television comedy set within a defined situation location, environment and characters and their relationships;

"Soap Opera"

means a drama, usually daily, with an indefinite number of episodes and usually long-running;

"South African  Drama"

means drama  programming  which  consists  of South African television content and in which South Africans have exercised direction over the creative and administrative aspects of pre-production, production and post-production South Africans will be taken to have exercised such direction if :

(a)        in the case of programmes which have been produced in terms of section 61 (2)(a) (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv):

(i)        the director or directors of the programme and/or the writer or writers of the programme are South African;

(ii)        not less than 50% of the leading actors appearing in the programme are South African;

(iii)        not less than 75% of the major supporting cast, are South African ; and

(iv)        not less than 50% of the crew are South African;

(b)        in the case of programmes produced in terms of section 61 (2)(a) (v) and (vi):

(i)        not less than 50% of the production crew are South African ; and

(ii)        South Africans are involved in post-production ;

"South African Television Performance Period"

means the total number of hours between SH00 and 23H00 every day;

"Tele-play"

means a drama usually located in a narrowly defined geographical area, and usually less than 90 minutes in length and often adapted from a play written for stage drama;

"Tele-movie"

means a film produced for television.