National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act, 2004 (Act No. 39 of 2004)

Notices

List of Activities which result in atmospheric emissions which have or may have a significant deterimental effect on the environment, including health, social conditions, economic conditions, ecological conditions or cultural heritage

Category 5: Mineral Processing, Storage and Handling

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Category 5: Mineral Processing, Storage and Handling

(1)	Subcategory 5.1: Storage and Handling of Ore and Coal

Description:	Storage and handling of ore and coal not situated on the premises of a mine or works as defined in the Mines Health and Safety Act 29/1996.
Application:	Locations designed to hold more than 100 000 tons.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Dustfall	N/A	New	a
		Existing	a
a three months running average not to exceed limit value for adjacent land use according to dust control regulations promulgated in terms of section 32 of the NEM: AQA, 2004 (Act No. 39 of 2004), in eight principal wind directions.

(2)	Subcategory 5.2: Dying

Description:	The drying of mineral solids including ore, using dedicated combustion installations.
Application:	Facilities with a capacity of more than 100 tons/month product.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Particulate matter	N/A	New	50
		Existing	100
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	New	1000
		Existing	1000
Oxides of nitrogen	NOx expressed as NO2	New	500
		Existing	1200

(3) Subcategory 5.3: Clamp Kilns for Brick Production

Description:	The production of bricks using clamp kilns.
Application:	All installations producing more than 100 000 bricks per month.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Dustfall	N/A	New	a
		Existing	a
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	New	b
		Existing	b
a three months running average not to exceed limit value for adjacent land use according to dust control regulations promulgated in terms of section 32 of the NEM: AQA, 2004 (Act No. 39 of 2004), in eight principal wind directions.
b Twelve months running average not to exceed limit value as per GN 1210 of 24 December 20009. Passive diffusive measurement approved by the licensing authority carried out monthly.

(a)	The following special arrangements shall apply—

(i)	Where co-feeding with waste materials with calorific value allowed in terms of the Waste Disposal Standards published in terms of the Waste Act, 2008 (Act No. 59 of 2008) occurs, additional requirements under subcategory 1.6 shall apply.

(ii)

Additional requirements under subcategory 1.6 shall continue to apply even after the waste ceases to be waste in terms of section 1 of the National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 2008 (Act No. 59 of 2008), as amended by the National Environmental Management: Waste Amendment Act, 2014 (Act No. 26 of 2014).

[Category 5(3)(5.3)(a)(ii) inserted by section 5(a) of Notice No. 551, GG38863, dated 12 June 2015]

(4)	Subcategory 5.4: Cement Production (using conventional fuels and raw materials)

Description:	The preparation of raw materials, production and cooling of Portland cement clinker; grinding and blending of clinker to produce finished cement; and packaging of finished cement.
Application:	All installations.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Particulate matter (Separate Raw Mill)	N/A	New	30
		Existing	50
Particulate matter (Kiln)	N/A	New	50
		Existing	100
Particulate matter (Cooler ESP)	N/A	New	100
		Existing	150
Particulate matter (Cooler BF)	N/A	New	50
		Existing	50
Particulate matter (Clinker grinding)	N/A	New	30
		Existing	50
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	New	250
		Existing	250
Oxides of nitrogen	NOx expressed as NO2	New	1200
		Existing	2000

(a)

(i)	Emissions from cooling, grinding and fugitive dust capture processes are not subject to the oxygen content reference condition.

(ii)	For an existing plant using pyritic limestone, the minimum emission standard for existing plant for sulphur dioxide (SO2) is 400 mg/Nm3.

(iii)

For an existing plant using pyritic limestone, the minimum emission standard for new plant for sulphur dioxide (SO2) is 400 mg/Nm3.

[Category 5(4)(5.4)(a) substituted by section 8(a) of Notice No. 1207, GG42013, dated 31 October 2018]

(5)	Subcategory 5.5: Cement Production (using alternative fuels and/or resources)

Description:	The production and cooling of Portland cement clinker; grinding and blending of clinker to produce finished cement where alternative fuels and/or resources are used.
Application:	All installations.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Particulate matter (Separate Raw Mill)	N/A	New	30
		Existing	50
Particulate matter (Clinker grinding)	N/A	New	30
		Existing	50
Particulate matter (Cooler ESP)	N/A	New	100
		Existing	150
Particulate matter (Cooler BF)	N/A	New	50
		Existing	50
Particulate matter (KIiln)	N/A	New	30
		Existing	80
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	New	50
		Existing	250
Oxides of nitrogen	NOx expressed as NO2	New	800
		Existing	1200
Total organic compounds	N/A	New	10
		Existing	10
Hydrogen chloride	HCI	New	10
		Existing	10
Hydrogen fluoride	HF	New	1
		Existing	1
Cadmium + Thallium	Cd + TI	New	0.05
		Existing	0.05
Mercury	Hg	New	0.05
		Existing	0.05
Sum of arsenic, antimony, lead, chromium, cobalt, copper;manganese, vanadium and nickel	As; Sb; Pb; Cr; Co; Cu; Mn; V & Ni	New	0.5
		Existing	0.5
			ng I-TEQ/Nm3 under normal conditions of 10% O2, 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Dioxins and furans	PCDD/PCDF	New	0.1
		Existing	0.1

(a)	The following special arrangements shall apply—

(i)	Emissions from cooling, grinding, milling and fugitive dust capture processes are not subject to the oxygen content reference condition.

(ii)	The facility shall be designed, equipped, built and operated in such a way so as to prevent the emissions into the air giving rise to significant ground-level air pollution (i.e. leading to the exceedance of an accepted ambient air quality threshold standard).

(iii)

Monitoring equipment shall be installed and acceptable techniques used in order to accurately monitor the parameters, conditions and mass concentrations relevant to the co-processing of AFR and incineration of waste.

(iv)	All continuous, on-line emission monitoring results must be reported as a Daily Average concentration expressed as mg/Nm3, and at "normalised" conditions of 10% O2, 101.3 kPa, 273 K / 0 °C,dry gas.

(v)	Discontinuous (periodic) emission monitoring results must be expressed as mg/Nm3, or ng/Nm3 1-TEQ for PCDD/PCDF, and at "normalised" conditions of 10% O2, 101.3 kPa, 273 K / 0 °C, dry gas.

(vi)	Exit gas temperatures must be maintained below 200 °C.

(vii)

Pollution control devices (exhaust gas cooling and bag filter or ESP) must have a daily availability of 98% (i.e. maximum downtime of 2% or 30 minutes per running 24 hours). The cumulative annual downtime (total downtime over a one year period) may however not exceed 60 hours (0.685 % per annum).

(viii)

Continuous, on-line measurement of the following emissions and operating parameters is required:

•	Particulate matter (total particulate);

•

02;

•

CO;

•

NOx;

•

SO2;

•

HCI;

•

HF;

•

VOC/TOC;

•	Emission exhaust volume (e.g. Nm3/hr) and flow rate (e.g. m/s);

•	Water vapour content of exhaust gas (humidity);

•	Exhaust gas temperature;

•	Internal process temperature/s;

•	Pressure; and

•	Availability of air pollution control equipment (including exit gas cooling).

(ix)

Appropriate installation and functioning of automated, continuous monitoring equipment for emissions to air; which are subject to quality control and to an annual surveillance test. Independent accredited calibration must be undertaken by means of parallel measurements with the reference methods, at a frequency as per the requirements of the equipment, but as a minimum every 3 years.

(x)

Periodic measurements of heavy metals and dioxin and furan emissions must be undertaken, using national (if available) or internationally acceptable methods, by independent/external, accredited specialists twice during the first 12 months of waste incineration I AFR co-processing, and annually thereafter.

(xi)

Average emission values for heavy metals are to be measured over a minimum sample period of 60 minutes to obtain a representative sample, and a maximum of 8 hours, and the average values for dioxins and furans (expressed as 1-TEQ) over a sample period of a minimum of 60 minutes and maximum of 8 hours.

(xii)

Periodic measurements of heavy metals and dioxins and furans are to be carried out representatively to provide accurate and scientifically correct emission data and results, and sampling and analysis must be carried out by independent, accredited laboratories.

(xiii)

To ensure valid monitoring results are obtained, no more than five half-hourly average values in any day, and no more than ten daily average values per year, may be discarded due to malfunction or maintenance of the continuous measurement system.

(xiv)

All measurement results must be recorded, processed and presented in an appropriate manner in a Quarterly Emissions Monitoring Report in order to enable verification of compliance with permitted operating conditions and air emission standards. Quarterly Emission Monitoring Reports must include, amongst others:

•	Daily average results of all continuous, on-line emission monitoring parameters, reported on line graphs that include individual, daily average data points, and indicating the relevant air emission limit if applicable;

•	Results of all continuous, on-line operational monitoring parameters, reported on line graphs that correspond in scale with the emission monitoring results;

•	Results of periodic emission measurements of heavy metals, and dioxins and furans;

•	Confirmation of residence times and temperatures of specific wastes co-processed as determined by the specific feed points, plant dimensions and material and gas flow rates;

•	Discussion on availability or air pollution control equipment, together with reasons for and management of downtime;

•	All relevant results must be compared with baseline measurements taken prior to the co-processing of AFR or hazardous waste; and

•	Detailed evaluation and discussion of any non-compliance during the reporting period.

(xv)

Treatment of High Level POPs Containing Waste (as defined by the Stockholm and Basel Conventions) are to be preceded by an independently monitored Performance Verification Test to determine the Destruction Efficiency (DE) and Destruction and Removal Efficiency (DRE) of principal organic hazardous compounds (POHC) using a suitable verification compound (e.g. trichloroethane) .

(xvi)

A plan for conducting a Performance Verification Test must be submitted to the relevant Government Department/s at least 3 months prior to the commencement of such a test, and must include, amongst others, the following:

•	Motivation for why the plant should be used for treatment of High Level POPs;

•	A feasibility study showing that the plant is technically qualified;

•	Planned date for commencement of the test and expected duration;

•	Details on the waste to be co-processed during the test, including source, volume, composition etc.;

•	Motivation for the particular choice of waste and its suitability in providing an accurate and representative indication of the plant's DE and DRE, and therefore suitability to treat High Level POPs Containing Waste;

•	Extension of monitoring regime to include Chlorobenzenes, HCB, PCBs, Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, PAHs, and NH3;

•	Monitoring and analysis to be conducted, the associated methodologies and independent parties responsible for monitoring.

(xvii)

A detailed, independent report documenting and interpreting the results of the Performance Verification Test must be compiled. As a minimum, a DE/DRE of 99.9999% would be required, as well as compliance with Air Emission Standards.

(xviii)

An Air Quality Improvement Plan for achieving emission limits over time must be developed if transitional arrangements apply to compliance with emission standards.

(xix)

For an existing plant using pyritic limestone, the minimum emission standard for existing plant for sulphur dioxide (SO2) is 400 mg/Nm3.

(xx)	For an existing plant using pyritic limestone, the minimum emission standard for new plant for sulphur dioxide (SO2) is 400 mg/Nm3.

[Category 5(5)(5.5)(xix)(xx) inserted by section 8(b) of Notice No. 1207, GG42013, dated 31 October 2018]

(6) Subcategory 5.6: Lime Production

Description:	Processing of lime, magnesite, dolomite and calcium sulphate.
Application:	All installations.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Particulate matter	N/A	New	50
		Existing	50
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	New	400
		Existing	400
Oxides of nitrogen	NOx expressed as NO2	New	500
		Existing	500

(7) Subcategory 5.7: Lime Production (using alternative fuels and/or resources)

Description:	Processing of lime, magnesite, dolomite and calcium sulphate where alternative fuels and/or resources are used.
Application:	All installations.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Particulate matter	N/A	New	30
		Existing	80
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	New	50
		Existing	250
Oxides of nitrogen	NOx expressed as NO2	New	800
		Existing	1200
Total organic compounds	N/A	New	10
		Existing	10
Hydrogen chloride	HCI	New	10
		Existing	10
Hydrogen fluoride	HF	New	1
		Existing	1
Cadmium + Thallium	Cd + TI	New	0.05
		Existing	0.05
Mercury	Hg	New	0.05
		Existing	0.05
Sum of arsenic, antimony, lead, chromium, cobalt, copper;manganese, vanadium and nickel	As; Sb; Pb; Cr; Co; Cu; Mn; V & Ni	New	0.5
		Existing	0.5
			ng I-TEQ/Nm3 under normal conditions of 10% O2, 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Dioxins and furans	PCDD/PCDF	New	0.1
		Existing	0.1

(a)	The following special arrangements shall apply—

(i)	Emissions from cooling, grinding, milling and fugitive dust capture processes are not subject to the oxygen content reference condition.

(ii)	The facility shall be designed, equipped, built and operated in such a way so as to prevent the emissions into the air giving rise to significant ground-level air pollution (i.e. leading to the exceedance of an accepted ambient air quality threshold standard).

(iii)

(iv)	All continuous, on-line emission monitoring results must be reported as a Daily Average concentration expressed as mg/Nm3, and at "normalised" conditions of 10% O2, 101.3 kPa, 273 K / 0 °C,dry gas.

(v)	Discontinuous (periodic) emission monitoring results must be expressed as mg/Nm3, or ng/Nm3 1-TEQ for PCDD/PCDF, and at "normalised" conditions of 10% O2, 101.3 kPa, 273 K / 0 °C, dry gas.

(vi)	Exit gas temperatures must be maintained below 200 °C.

(vii)

(viii)

Continuous, on-line measurement of the following emissions and operating parameters is required:

•	Particulate matter (total particulate);

•

02;

•

CO;

•

NOx;

•

SO2;

•

HCI;

•

HF;

•

VOC/TOC;

•	Emission exhaust volume (e.g. Nm3/hr) and flow rate (e.g. m/s);

•	Water vapour content of exhaust gas (humidity);

•	Exhaust gas temperature;

•	Internal process temperature/s;

•	Pressure; and

•	Availability of air pollution control equipment (including exit gas cooling).

(ix)

(x)

(xi)

(xii)

(xiii)

(xiv)

•	Daily average results of all continuous, on-line emission monitoring parameters, reported on line graphs that include individual, daily average data points, and indicating the relevant air emission limit if applicable;

•	Results of all continuous, on-line operational monitoring parameters, reported on line graphs that correspond in scale with the emission monitoring results;

•	Results of periodic emission measurements of heavy metals, and dioxins and furans;

•	Confirmation of residence times and temperatures of specific wastes co-processed as determined by the specific feed points, plant dimensions and material and gas flow rates;

•	Discussion on availability or air pollution control equipment, together with reasons for and management of downtime;

•	All relevant results must be compared with baseline measurements taken prior to the co-processing of AFR or hazardous waste; and

•	Detailed evaluation and discussion of any non-compliance during the reporting period.

(xv)

(xvi)

•	Motivation for why the plant should be used for treatment of High Level POPs;

•	A feasibility study showing that the plant is technically qualified;

•	Planned date for commencement of the test and expected duration;

•	Details on the waste to be co-processed during the test, including source, volume, composition etc.;

•	Motivation for the particular choice of waste and its suitability in providing an accurate and representative indication of the plant's DE and DRE, and therefore suitability to treat High Level POPs Containing Waste;

•	Extension of monitoring regime to include Chlorobenzenes, HCB, PCBs, Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, PAHs, and NH3;

•	Monitoring and analysis to be conducted, the associated methodologies and independent parties responsible for monitoring.

(xvii)

(xviii)

An Air Quality Improvement Plan for achieving emission limits over time must be developed if transitional arrangements apply to compliance with emission standards.

(8)	Subcategory 5.8: Glass and Mineral Wool Production

Description:	The production of glass containers, flat glass, glass fibre and mineral wool.
Application:	All installations producing 100 ton per annum or more.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Particulate matter	N/A	New	30
		Existing	140
Oxides of nitrogen	NOx expressed as NO2	New	1500
		Existing	2000
Sulphur dioxide (Gas fired furnace)	SO2	New	800
		Existing	800
Sulphur dioxide (Oil fired furnace)	SO2	New	1500
		Existing	1500

(9) Subcategory 5.9: Ceramic Production

Description:	The production of tiles, bricks, refractory bricks, stoneware or porcelain ware by firing, excluding clamp kilns.
Application:	All installations producing 100 ton per annum or more.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Particulate matter	N/A	New	50
		Existing	150
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	New	400
		Existing	1000
Total fluorides measured as hydrogen fluoride	HF	New	50
		Existing	50

(a) The following special arrangement shall apply:

(i)

Where co-feeding with waste materials with calorific value allowed in terms of the National Norms and Standards for Disposal of Waste Disposal to Landfill published in terms of the National Environmental Management Waste Act, 2008 (Act No.59 of 2008) as amended, occurs, additional requirements under subcategory 1.6 shall apply.

(ii)	The applicable minimum emission standard for Total Flourides shall be set out in this subcategory above.

(iii)

Additional requirements under subcategory 1.6 shall continue to apply even after the waste ceases to be waste in terms of the National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 2008 (Act No. 59 of 2008).

[Category 5(9)(5.9)(a) inserted by section 8(c) of Notice No. 1207, GG42013, dated 31 October 2018]

(10)	Subcategory 5.10: Macadam Preparation

Description:	Permanent facilities used for mixtures of aggregate; tar or bitumen to produce road-surfacing materials.
Application:	All plants.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Particulate matter	N/A	New	50
		Existing	120
Sulphur dioxide	SO2	New	1000
		Existing	1000
Total volatile organic compounds from vapour recovery/destruction units	N/A	New	150
		Existing	150

(11)	Subcategory 5.11: Alkali Processes

Description:	Production of potassium or sodium sulphate or the treatment of ores by chloride salts whereby hydrogen chloride gas is evolved.
Application:	All installations producing 100 ton per annum or more.
Substance or mixture of substances		Plant status	mg/Nm3 under normal conditions of 273 Kelvin and 101.3kPa.
Common name	Chemical symbol
Particulate matter	N/A	New	30
		Existing	100
Hydrogen chloride	HCI	New	30
		Existing	30

National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act, 2004 (Act No. 39 of 2004)

Notices

List of Activities which result in atmospheric emissions which have or may have a significant deterimental effect on the environment, including health, social conditions, economic conditions, ecological conditions or cultural heritage

Category 5: Mineral Processing, Storage and Handling

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